英语中时态的理解

• 进行维度 分 was doing / am doing / will be doing
• 完成维度 分 had done / have done / will have done
• 时间维度 分 过去 现在 未来 did / do / will do

（记忆，进顽石 进货顽石） 所以综合所述，一般有12种时态 3*2*2

一般时态

1. 一般现在时 she works at a bank.(日常 普遍) do
2. 一般过去时 he visited Paris last year. 过去已经发生 did
3. 一般将来 he will call you tomorrow. 将来某个时间 will do

进行时态 强调正在进行

1. 现在进行时 she is reading a book now. 说话当下正在进行 is doing
2. 过去进行时 he was sleeping when i called 过去某个时刻正在进行 was doing
3. 将来进行时 i will be traveling this time next week 将来某个时刻会进行中 will be doing

完成时态 强调已完成

1. 现在完成时 she has finished her homewrok。i have been to japan twice 动作与现在相关,有经验或结果。have done
2. 过去完成时 he had left before i arrived. we had eaten when she came.在过去的过去发生，由于另一个动作。（有两个动作） had done
3. 将来完成时 By 10 pm，i will have completed the task. 将来的某个时间点前已经完成。 will have done

完成进行时 强调动作的持续性+完成

1. 现在完成进行时 i have been working here for 5 years. 一直持续到现在，强调过程。 have been doing
2. 过去完成进行时 he had been waiting for an hour before she arrived 持续到过去某个点的动作 had been doing
3. 将来完成进行时 by next year, i will have been living here for a decade 将来某个时间点前一直持续的动作 will have been dong

过去完成时候 强调过去已经发生

1. the report had been done before the metting started. 报告已经做完了在会议开始前 注意这个started很明显,句子强调被xxx,注意和完成时的区别，完成时主体是人
2. The house had been built before they moved in.

过去更早的事       过去事件（参照点）       现在
───────●────────●──────────→
        ↑
   had been done （过去完成）

如何理解英语中只有一个动词

这里的动词是谓语动词,也是句子的核心 主语 谓语 宾语,那么动词和谓语动词有什么区别呢？

// 谓语动词 go 用于一般现在时
I go to school 


// 非谓语动词 go 不能做谓语want已经做完了
I want to go to school.

👉 谓语动词 是句子的“心脏”❤️它决定：

1. 句子的主语是谁（谁在做）

2. 时态（什么时候发生）

3. 语态（主动还是被动）

🧠 二、所以“一个句子只有一个动词”其实是：

“一个句子只有一个谓语动词（finite verb）。”

例如：

句子	谓语动词	其他动词	说明
I like apples.	like	—	只有一个谓语动词
I want to eat apples.	want	to eat（不定式）	“eat”不是谓语动词
I am eating apples.	am eating（一个谓语结构）	—	am + eating 构成一个谓语整体
She has been studying English.	has been studying（谓语整体）	—	时态复合形式
I know that she likes apples.	know（主句）likes（从句）	—	其实是两个句子组成的复合句